Recessed lights for a 10 × 10 ft bathroom with a 8 ft ceiling
| Layoutacross the 10 ft dimension × along the 10 ft dimension | 3 × 3 |
|---|---|
| Spacing (rule of thumb)half of the 8 ft ceiling | 4ft |
| Actual spacing to mark outafter rounding to whole fixtures | 3.3 × 3.3ft |
| First light from the wallhalf a spacing — closer washes the wall, further leaves dark corners | 1.7 × 1.7ft |
| Room area | 100ft² |
| Target light levelgeneral light — the mirror needs light from the sides, not above | 30fc |
| Total lumens needed | 3,000lm |
| Lumens per fixtureabout 4 W each in LED | 333lm |
- Room width
- 10 ft
- Room length
- 10 ft
- Ceiling height
- 8 ft
- Room
- bathroom
The grid
Spacing for recessed cans is ceiling height divided by two. A 8 ft ceiling gives 4 ft, which across a 10 × 10 ft room works out to a 3 × 3 grid — 9 lights.
Rounding to whole fixtures moves the real spacing to 3.3 × 3.3 ft. Mark the ceiling off those numbers, not off the rule of thumb. The first row sits 1.7 ft from the wall — half a spacing. Closer and you get a bright band down the wall; further and the corners go dark.
What to buy, not just how many
100 ft² at 30 footcandles needs 3,000 lumens in the room, which is 333 lumens per fixture — around 4 W in LED.
That is the number to shop by, and it is the one most layout calculators leave out. A 4″ LED downlight typically runs 600–800 lm; a 6″ runs 800–1,200 lm.
Before you cut
Find the joists first. A 3 × 3 grid rarely lands clear of framing on the first attempt, and shifting a can six inches to miss a joist is invisible once the trim is on. Put the whole layout on a dimmer while the wiring is open — it costs almost nothing then and cannot be added cheaply later.
Notes
- The spacing rule is ceiling height ÷ 2, which gives 4 ft here. Rounding to whole fixtures moves it to 3.3 × 3.3 ft — mark the ceiling off the real numbers, not the rule.
- 333 lumens per can is the figure to shop by. A 4″ LED downlight typically runs 600–800 lm and a 6″ runs 800–1,200 lm, so you could drop to 4″ cans or dim these down.
- Bathroom is a task space. 30 fc is the general level — countertops, desks and mirrors still need their own light. Ceiling cans alone put the light behind you and your own shadow onto the work.
- Put them on a dimmer. It costs almost nothing at install, and it is the difference between a ceiling that works at dinner and one that works at 11pm.
- Check the joists before marking. A 3 × 3 grid rarely lands clear of framing on the first try, and moving a can 6 inches to miss a joist is invisible once the trim is on.
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Read more
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